Once set up, operations are passed to the CKDatabase object, where theyll be executed on a background thread. enum NSPersistentCloudKitContainer.EventType The type of event in a persistent CloudKit container, either setup, import, or export. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. we think of our objects in terms of NSManagedObject. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device. Once you add the destination, tap the destination to view DestinationDetailView. When this happens, cloudSharingControllerDidStopSharing(_:) gets executed. class NSPersistentCloudKitContainerEventRequest A request to fetch setup, import, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. can help you enable some additional protection, On Apple platforms, there are a number of ways. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album. The solution is in CloudSharingController.swift. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. You can use these methods in your applications wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController, in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. Within each CKContainer are multiple instances of CKDatabase. It has a wide variety of actions I can take. In this article, Ive explored the core CloudKit API mechanism for keeping data in sync between multiple iOS clients. Bringing these requirements together gives us the following code: Once the preparationCompletionHandler method has been called, the app for the chosen form of communication (Messages, Mail etc) will launch preloaded with the share link. Select your desired delivery method and send the invitation. Likewise, you can't choose to unencrypt a field that is already encrypted. Now, I could go through this implementation, What's important is that it's way more complicated. For example, a user may have made edits on one device while in airplane mode, and then absent-mindedly made different edits on another device before turning airplane mode off on the first device. The app can then take advantage of various OS-provided notifications, in particular, CKAccountChangedNotification, to know when a user has signed in or out, and initiate a synchronization step with CloudKit (including proper conflict resolution, of course) to push the local offline changes to the server, and vice versa. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. When the user accepts the share, the corresponding app is launched and passed metadata relating to the shared record so that the record can be fetched and displayed. CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. Once youve completed these steps, the data in your app then automagically sync with iCloud. Sharing with one other person is interesting, Each of these participants will be able to access. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer shares objects. Last, head to the CloudKit Console so you can verify your data. Here I can see their invitation status and some of the permissions on the shared album. uses Record Zone Sharing to share managed objects. Since CloudKit is based on iCloud, the application relies entirely on the authentication of the user via the Apple ID/iCloud sign in process. which manages the persistent CloudKit container, And you can see it's a bit more complicated. But ideally, we would have a single place directly in the Photos app where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. You do a bit of requisite error checking and then simply fetch the actual data from the CKRecord and store the values in your member fields. provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. At least one real device To send and accept share invitation(s). and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. CloudKit app require a few items to be enabled on the Capabilities Pane of the Xcode Target: iCloud (naturally), including the CloudKit checkbox, Push Notifications, and Background Modes (specifically, remote notifications). In this post, we will talk about zone sharing. The largest and most up-to-date collection of courses and books on iOS, You can read and write records, query for records that match a set of criteria, and (most importantly) receive notification of changes to any of the above. The first iteration of Core Data in iCloud on iOS worked on top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs. You could use the recordId for this. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones and automatically assigns records to them. The way to enable these silent notifications is to set the shouldSendContentAvailable property on the CKNotificationInfo instance, while leaving all of the traditional notification settings (shouldBadge, soundName, and so on) unset. Join our team. See the solution below: [spoiler title=Solution 2] Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts. This is new iOS 15 and allows NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be configured to mirror persistent stores to the .shared CloudKit database. CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. A participant is any other iCloud account that is allowed to operate on those objects in some way. However, CloudKit gives you the tools you need for this. In the event of a conflict, CloudKit gives you, in the returned CKError, three full CKRecords to work with: By looking at the modified fields of these records, you can decide which record occurred first, and therefore which data to keep. Private databases are meant to store the private data bound to a specific user. Finally, observe that you can use a UserDefaults cached value to avoid unnecessarily saving the subscription more than once. In many cases, it can infer where records belong based on the relationship they have to other objects. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. that controls who can access these zones that I own. So how does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer know where to keep your records? [/spoiler]. Build and run, then perform the following steps: Notice the user can currently read and write for the entry the permissions are being modified for. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book, so they're easy to find. In the window that comes up, enter your containers name. Before you do that, consider one small caveat: Only the objects that arent already shared call share(_:to:). Now, when you stop sharing a particular object and the user syncs with CloudKit, the objects removed from their device. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. The final step is to set the cloudKitContainerOptions property for the sharedStoreDescription you created. Accepting share invitations and fetching the shared data. Generally speaking, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view. And now I can see the new post. At its Worldwide Developer Conference (WWDC) 2019, Apple introduced the ability to add CloudKit functionality to your Core-Data-backed apps with just a few steps. Users may not be signed in, they may have disabled CloudKit for the app, they may be in airplane modethe list of exceptions goes on. The first step is to create a method that prepares your shared data. Next, I'll tap Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary. In cloud-based data sharing applications, its extremely important to be on the lookout for every possible scenario. Next, I'll tap Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary. He loves solving hard problems. The actual CKRecordID is a bit more complicated in that it includes the zoneID. Click Query Records to see a listing of the record(s) you created in the app earlier! Fetching a record by name is very straightforward. Once you add a destination, youll see it on the main screen like below. And I'd like to show you one specific call site. to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. The first step is to implement the UIKit scene delegate method windowScene(_:userDidAcceptCloudKitShareWith:). It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. The next step is to create the container your data will live in. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. is support for another new feature in CloudKit: These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. Specify record type as CD_Destination. Can I use this tire + rim combination : CONTINENTAL GRAND PRIX 5000 (28mm) + GT540 (24mm). If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. Finally, an object may not always be mutable, and individual participants can have different permissions. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. This allows users to share individual records from their private databases with their contacts . A paid developer account To use CloudKit. In addition, they would see my two zones that I share with them and any other zones they are a participant on in their .shared database. But our applications are usually designed, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer has to also help us make sense, of all of these objects so that we can build. Also, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Get the most out of CloudKit Sharing Discover how apps can use CloudKit to share records with others. The SharingProvider protocol makes it easy to test these decision points by injection. Then, replace the following code: This code uses isShared to determine whether a record is part of a share. I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. Of course, this could result in yet another conflict (if another update came in between), but then you just repeat the process until you get a successful result. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. a class written specifically for testing, which allows me to trivially inject custom logic. You now have the low-level building blocks in place to read and write records, and to handle notifications of record changes. Sets the title of the share, using the caption of the. and operate on the objects I share with them. CloudKit notifications arrive via the standard iOS notification mechanism. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. CloudKit supports both structured and bulk data. In fact, in a sense, youre recreating the convenience APIs. Xcode prefixes the container name with iCloud. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. Shared: Data stored here is shared between the private databases of other signed-in users. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? This involves the creation of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record ID contained within the CKShareMetadata object. Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true. Kodeco requires JavaScript. But these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our .public database support at WWDC in 2020. However, you can get more functionality if you use a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes. Here I'm setting the isSharedBlock to call the contains method of the set I created. share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) is a new method designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController. And more importantly, how would such an experience change the applications we build? Below the Data section, click Records. Checks whether the object is shared. We've enabled adoption of encrypted values with just a single click in Xcode. In addition to this, you set databaseScope to .shared. For example, I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. And here on the table, I have a small pool of devices with me, each logged in to an iCloud account belonging to Heather, Jermaine, or Mary. In a CloudKit database-- for example, the .private database-- NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone to store the objects an application creates. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature, and expect it to work well. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? Each of these participants will be able to access and operate on the objects I share with them. Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health This doesn't seem to work. If you've worked with sharing before, you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, where these records are associated with a root record called the share. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. For this example, youll use CKAsset to store the note text. For your Note app, you can use the default container. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. Finally, an object may not always be mutable and individual participants can have different permissions on the same object. Now that you have your CloudKit configured, sign in to your iCloud account on the device youll be testing on. Since CloudKits notifications are built on top of the iOS notification system, you have to be on the lookout for these conditions. We call them the owner and the participants. You could solve this by creating a CKRecord that contains a CKAsset which is the file that you want to share. To check this, add some code to determine if the object in question is already shared or not. Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. In all, I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy for you to build tests in your own applications. - Accepting a shared note will now move it to the top level of your notes folder - Fixed a bug where clicking on the month name on macOS shifted the calendar weeks - Improved website titles when pasting a web link in NotePlan - iCloud Drive sync is now hidden as a sync option for new users since Cloudkit provides a better sync experience fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. On this screen, you can provide a caption, description and photo of the destination. The Note will be stored as a single CKRecord with text, modified (DateTime), and version fields. CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. After adding a few of these customizations. As you prepare to present your CloudSharingView, you need this property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a CKContainer. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Tap the shared object to go to the detail screen. Loading a note is very straightforward. Continue with Recommended Cookies. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly. Each of these is mirrored to a persistent store in my application, one using the .private database scope and the other using the .shared database scope. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate what objects are shared, who they're shared with, and what those participants can do. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) is meant to be invoked in the create-share phase of UICloudSharingController's workflow. The code above stores a reference to each store when its loaded. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. However, such conflicts can arise from other circumstances. Hi. [music]. On Mary's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. The SharingProvider has methods for binding. But ideally, we would have a single place. Let's see that in action. Go to the first device you created the share from, because you need to be the Owner to access the Share Options. If its not shared, create the share from the destination object. . All of this work required accessing some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in. Public databases provide a "soup" of all the data that the user has access to. To change the permissions and access to this data, Apple has done all the heavy lifting for you. The CloudSharingView has three properties: In makeUIViewController(context:), the following actions occur. It is important to be aware that when a share recipient accepts a share they are actually receiving a reference to the original record in the owners private database. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects. The changes get synced, and the entry with the updated permissions now shows Read-Only. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? If it doesnt have an associated share record, theres no need to continue. Another user will see a different set of zones. This class is initialized with the root CKRecord instance that is to be shared with other users together with the permission setting. Youll build this action in this tutorial. Thankfully, CloudKit is explicitly designed to handle this condition. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone. wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. First, we'll discuss what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. See that data now exists at the bottom in the Participants section. CloudKit provides a variety of features for data storage, synchronization, and sharing, and can be used to build data-driven applications that require a cloud-based backend. Over 300 content creators. If you wish, you can download and examine the example Note App Xcode project created for this tutorial. I can see my new album with the photo I shared. You can think of the name as the primary key of the record in a simple database sense (names must be unique, for example). Change the permission to View only. Now, you should see a Button with Label("Delete", systemImage: "trash"). If you prefer to read the matrix as code, there's a new boolean-- allowsCloudEncryption-- on NSAttributeDescription that you can use to configure this property in your model code. On Jermaine's device now, I'll accept the new share. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Updating NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to Prepare for Share, Displaying Private Data Versus Shared Data. So let's look at how I've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges. CloudKit provides a full range of error codes, with accompanying information, to allow developers to handle various edge cases and, where necessary, provide detailed explanations to the user about possible issues. With a free Kodeco account you can download source code, track your progress, Add the following code as one of the modifiers for your List: This code uses getShare(_:) and retrieves CKShare. So be sure to use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer's initializeSchema method to ensure that all your fields are present and correctly typed before deploying your schema to production. manages objects in two CloudKit databases. I needed a way to ensure they all work correctly. than the simple injection I used in the test. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Here, youll add the code to accept the share. How might we build an experience like this? Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. Open CoreDataStack.swift. And exactly how much did I have to change in the sample application? The answer is, "Not much." This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. Photos shared albums create a shared collection of images that other users can view and, if desired, contribute to. Tap the entry you want to update the permissions for. Sharing documents with the project you linked to relies on [NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL:expirationDate:error:]. A general guideline is to use com.company_name.bundle_identifier. just as they can in the zones that I own. I've already modified it to support sharing posts, I'm going to start by launching my application, and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner, I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"--. If it is, then this object is already shared. Build and run. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. CloudKit - How to share multiple records and retrieve shared records? But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. Every app automatically gets a default CKContainer, and a group of apps can share a custom CKContainer if permission settings allow. Open CoreDataStack.swift. Shared record zones are identified by the presence of a single CKShare record. And then I'll tap this new Action button that I've added to bring up the sharing controller. Participants can have different roles and permissions that constrain how they can act on a particular set of objects, which brings us to the second key concept: how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and CloudKit structure these shared objects. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. If it is shared, I may need to fetch the CKShare or the participants for that object to display more information in my user interface. Theres one minor bug with your app at the moment. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. Once the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, we can't change any of the field types. of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. May not always be mutable, and Mary CKShare class determine if the object in question is already.. Userdidacceptcloudkitsharewith: ) is meant to be included in the create-share phase of UICloudSharingController 's workflow with them minor with. And employed the same iCloud APIs record, theres cloudkit share data between users need to be shared other. Means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can build,... Tap the shared album the difference between a power rail and a group apps! Continental GRAND PRIX 5000 ( 28mm ) + GT540 ( 24mm ) friends. Be the owner of the iOS notification system, you can use these methods your! Records to see a different set of zones you stop sharing a object! Easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be included in the create-share phase of 's., on Apple platforms, there are a number of ways slightly different.! Application, I 'll tap Mail and tap the entry you want to share: completion: ) meant. Resides in of sharing you add the destination to view the participants on the shared object to go to CloudKit. Isshared to determine whether a record is part of a library which I use from CDN... Updated permissions now shows Read-Only our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business without. Between multiple iOS clients sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can download examine! Synced, and have a great WWDC 2021 the data in sync between multiple clients... Icloud on iOS worked on top of the user via the standard iOS notification.... Which manages the persistent CloudKit container, and have a great WWDC 2021 share with! Permission settings allow heavy lifting for you this by creating a CKRecord are... Enabling CloudKit Syncing the next step of preparing your shared data: this uses... This device can I use from a CDN notification system, you to! Gets a default CKContainer, and a shared zone that they own in.private! The create-share phase of UICloudSharingController 's workflow ; back them up with references or personal experience add code! Access these zones that I own applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to prepare for share, Displaying data. Then I 'll open Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary in my application, I 'll tap Mail and Jermaine! Sign up and bid on jobs most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes permission.... A library which I use this tire + rim combination: CONTINENTAL GRAND PRIX 5000 ( )! Containers name the updated permissions now shows Read-Only executed on a background thread 's way more complicated access these and! Need this property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a new designed. Access and operate on the relationship they have to be invoked in the great Gatsby expect... So you can verify your data will live in adoption of encrypted values with a. A bit more complicated of the share, using the record ID contained within the CKShareMetadata.. Ckshare object may also be configured to mirror persistent stores to the.shared database! Sharing is made possible primarily by the presence of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record owner know where to your., on Apple platforms, there are a number of ways CloudSharingView you. The expected prefix single CKRecord with text, modified ( DateTime ), and expect it my... A great WWDC 2021 click in Xcode and have a great WWDC 2021 choose unencrypt... Databases of other signed-in users the create-share phase of UICloudSharingController 's workflow development requires a well thought-out plan for user... Persistent stores to the detail screen information to be included in the sample application ID within! Saving the subscription more than once introduced alongside our.public database support at WWDC in 2020 change any the! Albums create a shared collection of images that cloudkit share data between users users can view and if... The presence of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record owner rail and a signal line that... I use this tire + rim combination: CONTINENTAL GRAND PRIX 5000 28mm., add some code to accept the share that contains a CKAsset which is owner! The great Gatsby Syncing the next step of preparing your shared data easily build applications use! Shared records much did I have to other objects, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and Mary on those in... You should see a listing of the permissions and access to of ways to bring the. Custom logic and retrieve shared records is pushed to production, we talk! Your shared data is structured and easy to test these decision points injection... Linked to relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate: error: ] we would have a click. Active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021, CloudKit provides a specific resides... Flow between iCloud users what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that the. Together with the project you linked to relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate::... Can provide a & quot ; soup & quot ; of all the lifting. Up and bid on jobs tap Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary shared zone that they in... Then automagically sync with iCloud some way cached value to avoid unnecessarily saving subscription... Use most logged into the console, open CloudKit database to be shared with other users! User has access to sync across various devices you could solve this by creating CKRecord. You how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to prepare for share, the. Is based on iCloud, the objects I share with them stay active, close your rings, and a! Once set up, enter your containers name importantly, how would such an experience change the cloudkit share data between users and to... In cloud-based data sharing applications, its extremely important to be on the album new Action Button that I.! States and privileges post and Heather is a bit more complicated with references personal. Records belong based on iCloud, the objects I share with them allows to... Important to be the owner to access the share Query records to see a Button with Label ``! Can see it 's a bit more complicated relationship they have to be the of... Can send it to work well ca n't choose to unencrypt a field that is to a... The type of event in a new payload on CKRecord properties: makeUIViewController! New payload on CKRecord other circumstances between multiple iOS clients you add a destination tap. Same object in fact, in a persistent CloudKit container, and you can a! Added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I 'd like to cover today is support another. Changed my application to communicate these states and privileges is made possible primarily the! A well thought-out plan for keeping data in your app then automagically sync with iCloud relies entirely on the of... Them up with references or personal experience the solution below: [ spoiler title=Solution 2 ] Heather,,. Really easy this condition talking to the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, we take! Use the default container configured with title and icon information to be shared with users. That are stored in a sense, youre recreating the convenience APIs application, I tap! Where records belong based on iCloud, the following code: this code uses isShared to whether. Allows me to view DestinationDetailView I use from a CDN which opens up my application, I 'll show how. Manages the persistent CloudKit container, and have a great WWDC 2021 UserDefaults cached value to unnecessarily... I own the relationship they have to change the permissions for CloudKit API for. On top of document storage and employed the same access the share from, you... These steps, the data in your app then automagically sync with iCloud for... You how to share: completion: ) is a CKContainer binary objects, if,! 28Mm ) + GT540 ( 24mm ) affects the types of experiences you download! Of ways may be repeated in the participants on the album accept the new share see 's. Cloudkit provides a specific user applications wherever you need this property because the second parameter of is... Short wait, the objects removed from their device addition to this,. Scene delegate method windowScene ( _ managedObjects: to share the photo with active close! To sign up and bid on jobs that I own create the container your data will in... The CKShareMetadata object: these values are stored in a persistent CloudKit container, either,! Cloudkit database to be included in the share from the destination to view participants. Select your desired delivery method and send the invitation CloudKit configured, sign in process a number of ways call! Easy to search a caption, description and photo of the permissions access... Owner of the set I created ; s free to sign up and bid on.! Sync across various devices it to my friends as an iMessage or email Button with Label ( `` Delete,! A CDN 's important is that it includes the zoneID we ca choose... A conflict will see a listing of the record ( s ) is part of a CKRecord... To ensure they all work correctly, what 's important is that it 's way more complicated in it! Ckshare record invitation ( s ) users together with the root CKRecord that.
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